Refuse removal systems and methods of use

ABSTRACT

Described herein are refuse collection systems for removing, collecting and extracting refuse from water run-off.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This patent application claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/403,821 filed Sep. 22, 2010, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods for removing debris, waste, refuse an/or other contaminants from water run-off into open waterways.

BACKGROUND

Presently, about 80% of the ocean's trash comes from land based sources. Some municipalities and private landowners are required to limit the amount of run-off and other debris entering the waterways. Some methods have been employed to reduce debris entering open waterways, and eventually the ocean, but limited success has been attained. Drawbacks of presently employed systems includes 1) release of previously captured debris when the device gives way, 2) flooding when the device is full, 3) debris substantially hindering the flow of water, and/or 4) debris overflow causes continual flow of debris down the waterway. These drawbacks pose a need for an efficient and effective method of removing debris from waterways leading to large bodies of water such as lakes, rivers and the ocean.

SUMMARY

Described herein generally are apparatus, systems and methods for removing, collecting and extracting refuse from water run-off. In one embodiment, the refuse collection systems comprise at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end, wherein the front end is elevated less than 90 degrees relative to the second end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one refuse filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold.

Further, described herein are refuse collection systems and methods which are comprehensive, fully or partially automated solutions for capturing and extracting debris from waterways. In some embodiments, this captures debris, monitors the accumulation of the debris in a capture section, signals the removal of the debris, and then removes the debris after applying a secondary capture device during the extraction process in order to prevent debris from continuing down a waterway. Although it is an integrated process, it may also be broken down into component parts such as for example the: 1) capture of debris, 2) monitoring and alerting of the status of debris accumulation, and 3) debris removal process. Each of these parts is considered of utility without necessarily requiring the other parts, though also useful to extent may be combinable with such other aspects, while their various combinations and sub-combinations are also considered of further particular benefit, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill.

Some embodiments provide systems and methods configured for particular use for removing debris and/or other pollutants from a water system that includes a first water body or pathway, which is typically a flowing water body such as for example a pipe, drain, culvert, conduit, or other similar pathway, and through which water flows and exits into a second water body or pathway. A system according to the present embodiment is provided with a capture section sized to accommodate an open end or mouth of first water body and so as to intersect water flowing therefrom and into second water body, which in this example is a second flowing pathway such as an open waterway, for example, a river, fed by water exiting the first pathway through its mouth. The device is thus positioned to intersect the flow between first pathway and second water body to remove debris from polluting the water body. In one embodiment, the capture section may be equipped with or coupled to other devices or implements related to controlling or monitoring aspects of waterways, sewage systems, or the likes, such as for example inserts for toxin removal strips.

In another embodiment, the systems may be installed at the end of a concrete waterway passing beneath a roadway or bridge, such that the capture section is installed adjacent to the concrete waterway on top of a river bottom. Once the filters are inserted into the scaffold the entire system (capture section and scaffold) may be positioned level with or slightly below the concrete mouth. In one embodiment, the system may be installed below the mouth of a drainage pipe emptying into a water body such as an open waterway.

In some embodiments, one or more sensors can be coupled to one or more components of the system, such as on either side of the capture section. When the sensors are blocked, a message will be generated whereby a transmitter sends a signal to a receiver triggering the need to empty the filter of the capture section. This signal can either be directed to an outside party alerting them of the need to pick-up the debris or it can engage the fully automated removal process. This process could also be added to current debris capture devices to alleviate the problem of manual inspection and the resulting device failures.

In other embodiments, a secondary capture device can be provided according to some embodiments as for example a mesh “wall” that extends from the fixed frame or other fixed location, as may be directed (or omitted per particular circumstances) depending on the needs of the particular location. If the fully-automated process if selected, the message generated by the sensor will cause the secondary capture device to engage. If a manual empty process is selected, the secondary device will be engaged when the manual process begins.

In some embodiments, once the system is ready, the capture section is lifted from the scaffold, moved to the holding area for extracted debris, emptied, and returned to the scaffold. If the site has a permanent holding area the system may be configured for completing this process independently, however there may also be a manual process which may be utilized by sites requiring a pick-up. Capture sections can be fitted to accommodate different dumping requirements which may be imposed by waste collection facilities. When the capture section is reengaged the secondary capture device goes dormant thereby releasing any captured debris into the system.

Methods of using these refuse collection systems are also described. For example, methods of separating refuse from a water flow are described, the methods can comprise associating a refuse collection system including at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end, wherein the front end is elevated less than 90 degrees relative to the second end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold with the water flow; allowing water through the at least one filter thereby collecting refuse and allowing water to pass through the at least one filter; and separating the refuse from the water flow.

In one embodiment, the systems further comprise a lifting bar attached to the at least one capture section. In another embodiment, the top and the capturing section can be triangular.

In some embodiments, the systems can include a first filter having a first load capacity and a second filter having a second load capacity wherein the first filter has a mesh size of at least 4 mm and the second filter has a mesh size of less than about 4 mm. In one embodiment, the second filter can be inside the first filter.

In some embodiments, the systems further comprise a heavy metal collection strip and/or at least one sensor, for example, a tension sensor, a laser sensor or a weight sensor.

In other embodiments, the first scaffold and the capture section are each independently formed of a material selected from a metal, a metal alloy, a plastic, carbon fiber, concrete, wood, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, two first scaffolds are used adjacent to one another and span a total width greater than about 5 feet.

In still other embodiments, the capture section further comprises a lifting bar and an extraction line can be connected to the lifting bar. This extraction line can be used to lift the capture section and remove the refuse from the filter.

Also, described herein are refuse collection systems comprising a conveyor belt formed at least partially of a filter and placed under a water flow, wherein the filter has at least one attachment that moves the conveyor belt; and at least one receptacle for collecting refuse falling off the end of the conveyor belt.

Even further still, described herein are refuse collection systems comprising a conveyor belt formed at least partially of a filter placed vertically within a water flow, wherein the filter has at least one attachment that interacts with the water flow to move the conveyor belt; at least one collecting device including at least one scoop; and at least one receptacle for collecting refuse from the at least one scoop.

Further described are refuse collection systems comprising at least one capture section having a frame and including at least one filter and at least one lifting bar attached to the frame, and further wherein the frame includes at least one sensor.

Further described are refuse collection systems comprising at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold and wherein the refuse collection system is in a position that will separate refuse from water.

Even further still, described are refuse collection systems comprising at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold and wherein the refuse collection system must be in a position at the exit of a waterway. In one embodiment, the waterway can be selected from a viaduct, a culvert, an end of a pipe, a storm drain, or a flood control channel. In another embodiment, the waterway must be is a culvert or an end of a pipe.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary refuse collection system.

FIG. 2 illustrates another perspective view of the refuse collection system in FIG. 1 with a capture section being extracted from the scaffold.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of an example scaffold including two capture sections.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the scaffold including capture sections of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a high level block diagram of an example filterwork communications system disclosed herein.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an example electronic configuration of the computing devices disclosed herein.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of one example of the filterwork communications system disclosed herein, illustrating examples of the flow of information between the different computing devices.

FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of an example electronic monitory system, illustrating an example of the eye-bolts being connected to detachable cable connections.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an example electronic monitory system, illustrating the strain sensor, the motherboard and the antenna included in the electronic monitory system.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an example electronic configuration of the electronic monitory system disclosed herein.

FIG. 11 illustrates a side view of an example scaffold including capture section with a bridge extending over and beyond a ledge.

FIG. 12 illustrates the side view of FIG. 11 with the bridge pulled up and a capture section being extracted.

FIG. 13 illustrates a perspective view of a capture section with multiple filter sections.

FIG. 14 is a top view of the capture section in FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the capture section in FIG. 13.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the capture section in FIG. 13 with the smallest structure being extracted.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a dynamic refuse collection and removal system.

FIG. 18 is a top view of an alternative dynamic refuse collection and removal system.

FIG. 19 is a side, cross-sectional view of the alternative dynamic refuse collection and removal system of FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a land based, ground view of the alternative dynamic refuse collection and removal system of FIG. 18

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Described herein generally are apparatus, systems and methods for removing debris, waste, refuse and/or other contaminants from water run-off into open water ways. The systems can include at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end, wherein the front end is elevated 90 degrees or less relative to the second end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold.

The systems described herein can create, integrate and implement solutions that enable capture and treatment of pollutants in run-off prior to reaching waterways and oceans. The systems can allow decontaminated water to be re-used for numerous applications including recharging waterways or irrigation.

Referring to FIG. 1, refuse collection system 100 includes a first scaffolding 102, capture section 104 and filter 106. Here, scaffolding 102 is flanked by first side wall 108, second side wall (not illustrated), front wall 110 and rear space 112. In FIG. 1, refuse collection system 100 can be installed at the exit of waterway 114, 114′. As water exits 116 waterway 114, 114′, it flows down 118 through scaffold 102 and hence filter 106, and eventually down stream 120.

In some embodiments, waterway 114, 114′ can be of any shape or configuration. Waterway 114, 114′ can be a viaduct, culvert, end of pipe, storm drain, flood control channel or any location where one body of water interacts with another body of water. For example, round drain pipe endings can also be included as well as ovals, triangles, squares, arches, and the like. Depending on the size of the waterway, the shape of the waterway and/or the water flow from a waterway, one or more diverters can be used to split the water streams into two or more paths without substantially impacting the water flow. For example, a single water stream can be split into two water streams or three water streams allowing for more efficient refuse removal at each collection system.

A smaller scaffolding 200 (for example, half of scaffold 102) is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. Scaffold 200 includes top 202 with front end 204 and back end 206. In some embodiments, back end 206 is elevated at angle 208 relative to front end 202. Angle 208 can be less than 90 degrees. For example, angle 208 can be 0 degrees (or flat), 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees or any other angle equal to or less than 90 degrees. In some embodiments, angle 208 can be variable by either a mechanical or electronic means such as hydraulics or a pressure pump. In some embodiments, angle 208 can be adjusted manually using bolts, pins, and the like. In other embodiments, angle 208 can be fixed.

Scaffolding 200 can further include front legs 210 (one illustrated) and back legs 212 (one illustrated) and optionally elevated portion 214 that extends beyond where top 202 meets back legs 212. One or more transverse bracing beams 216, horizontal front beams 218, horizontal rear beams 220, joint beam 222 can be included to increase support of scaffold 200.

Scaffold 200 can further include one or more releaseably attached, or simply placed capture sections, or secondary scaffolds or sections. Capture section 104 includes frame 224 elevated yoke or lifting bar 226 and filter 106. In some embodiments, frame 224 and top 202 can have complementary shapes such that frame 224 fits snugly within top 202. In FIGS. 2 and 3, top 202 and frame 224 are rectangular in shape. However, other complementary shapes can be envisioned such as, but not limited to, circles, triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons, and the like. Any shape can be used as long as frame 224 can fit within top 202.

Referring again to FIG. 1, scaffolding 102 and capture section 104 can each independently be formed of any material that can withstand the weights and the elements it is subjected to. For example, scaffolding 102 can sustain large weight loads as described herein. Also, scaffolding materials need to remain substantially intact when subjected to elements such as water, dirt, rocks, impact, acidic or basic water and the like. Suitable materials can include plastic, concrete, carbon fiber, metal, metal alloy or a combination thereof. Examples of metals include aluminum, titanium, iron, and other common structural metals. Examples of metal alloys can include steel. Further, the materials can be coated with one or more materials that aid in protecting the underlying structure. Such materials can include, paint, varnish, polymeric coatings, ceramic coatings, metallic coatings and the like. In one embodiment, the parts themselves can be, for example, box or I-beam steel.

Scaffold 102 and capture section 104 can be pieced together using such things as bolts, welding, nails and/or using flanges. In some embodiments, the scaffold for example is transported to the installation location in pieces and bolted together on site. In other embodiments, the joints are welded together before delivery to the installation site.

In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 4, capture section 104 can be removed from scaffold 102 for maintenance, for increased water flow, for emptying the contents of filter 106 and the like. Generally, capture section 104 can be removed from scaffold 102 using a device or human effort to lift capture section using lifting bar 122. Lifting bar 122 is illustrated mounted to frame 124 by the use of first triangular support 126 and second triangular support 128. However, this is not the only configuration that can be used. For example, lifting bar 122 can be a single continuous arch, a single bar with two vertical support members, or a single bar with rectangular supports.

Filter 106 can include any number of filters, screens, mesh and/or nets to collect the appropriate sized refuse and/or sustain an appropriate load of refuse without failure. In some embodiments, a single filter is used. In other embodiments, a smaller mesh filter is used inside a stronger larger mesh filter. The opposite can also be used. A multi-filter system can be used to capture different types of debris. For example, a smaller mesh filter can be used to collect smaller sized refuse items such as, but not limited to, straws, leaves and cigarette buds. A stronger and larger mesh sized filter can be used to both reinforce the smaller mesh filter and also to aid in accommodating larger, heavier refuse items.

Filter 106 can be attached to frame 124 using any means that will allow filter 106 to remain attached to frame 124 when the maximum allowable weight is added to filter and the force of running water is applied on top of the weight. Attachment can be accomplished using rings bolted into frame 124, filter 106 looped through holes within frame 124, adhesive or the like. In some embodiments, filter 106 can be attached to frame 124 around the entire perimeter of frame 124 to prevent debris from escaping. In other embodiments, an inner smaller mesh filter can be attached along the entire perimeter of frame 124, and a stronger, larger mesh filter can be attached at points around the perimeter, but not entirely around the perimeter. In some embodiments, the stronger, larger mesh filter can be supplied for the sole purpose of adding strength to a filter system.

Filter 106 can be rubber, polyethylene, nylon, metals such as steel, or the like and can be coated or non-coated. Smaller mesh filter can have a mesh size from about 1 mm to about 10 mm, about 2 mm to 7 mm, or about 3 mm to about 5 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size can be about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 4 mm, about 5 mm, about 6 mm, about 7, mm, about 8, mm, about 9, mm or about 10 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size of the smaller mesh filter can be less than, e.g., about 10 mm, about 5 mm, about 4 mm or about 3 mm. Load capacities of the smaller mesh filter alone can be about 200 lbs., about 400 lbs., about 500 lbs., about 750 lbs., about 1,000 lbs., about 2,000 lbs., about 3,000 lbs., about 4,000 lbs., or about 5,000 lbs or more. In some embodiments, load capacities of the smaller mesh filter can be about 200 lbs to about 3,000 lbs, about 200 lbs. to about 2,000 lbs, about 200 lbs. to about 1,000 lbs, or about 200 lbs. to about 500 lbs.

In some embodiments, if a single filter can be used it can have a mesh size from about 1 mm to about 10 mm, about 2 mm to 7 mm, or about 3 mm to about 5 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size of the single filter can be about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 4 mm, about 5 mm, about 6 mm, about 7, mm, about 8, mm, about 9, mm or about 10 mm. Load capacities of the stronger, smaller mesh filter alone can be about 1,000 lbs., about 2,000 lbs., about 3,000 lbs., about 4,000 lbs., about 5,000 lbs., about 6,000 lbs., about 7,000 lbs., about 8,000 lbs., about 9,000 lbs., about 10,000 lbs., about 11,000 lbs., about 12,000 lbs. or more. In some embodiments, load capacities of the smaller mesh filter alone can be about 1,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 1,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 1,000 lbs. to about 2,500 lbs, about 1,500 lbs. to about 2,500 lbs., about 2,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 2,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs. to about 7,000 lbs, about 4,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, or about 4,000 lbs. to about 8,000 lbs.

In contrast, stronger, larger mesh filter can have a mesh size from about 10 mm to about 100 mm, about 20 mm to 70 mm, or about 30 mm to about 50 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size can be about 10 mm, about 20 mm, about 30 mm, about 40 mm, about 50 mm, about 60 mm, about 70, mm, about 80, mm, about 90, mm or about 100 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size of the larger mesh filter can be more than, e.g., about 10 mm, about 20 mm, about 30 mm, about 40 mm, or about 50 mm. Load capacities of the stronger, larger mesh filter alone can be about 1,000 lbs., about 2,000 lbs., about 3,000 lbs., about 4,000 lbs., about 5,000 lbs., about 6,000 lbs., about 7,000 lbs., about 8,000 lbs., about 9,000 lbs., about 10,000 lbs., about 11,000 lbs., about 12,000 lbs. or more. In some embodiments, load capacities of the larger mesh filter can be about 1,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 1,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 1,000lbs. to about 2,500 lbs, about 1,500 lbs. to about 2,500 lbs., about 2,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 2,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs. to about 7,000 lbs, about 4,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, or about 4,000 lbs. to about 8,000 lbs.

In some embodiments, if a single filter can be used it can have a mesh size from about 10 mm to about 100 mm, about 20 mm to 100 mm, or about 50 mm to about 75 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size of the single filter can be about 10 mm, about 20 mm, about 30 mm, about 40 mm, about 50 mm, about 60 mm, about 70, mm, about 80, mm, about 90, mm or about 100 mm. In other embodiments, the mesh size of the single filter can be more than about 10 mm, about 20 mm, or about 50 mm. Load capacities of the stronger, larger mesh filter alone can be about 1,000 lbs., about 2,000 lbs., about 3,000 lbs., about 4,000 lbs., about 5,000 lbs., about 6,000 lbs., about 7,000 lbs., about 8,000 lbs., about 9,000 lbs., about 10,000 lbs., about 11,000 lbs., about 12,000 lbs. or more. In some embodiments, load capacities of the larger mesh filter alone can be about 1,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 1,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 1,000 lbs. to about 2,500 lbs, about 1,500 lbs. to about 2,500 lbs., about 2,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 2,000 lbs. to about 5,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, about 3,000 lbs. to about 7,000 lbs, about 4,000 lbs to about 10,000 lbs, or about 4,000 lbs. to about 8,000 lbs.

In some embodiments, the filter described herein does not break under refuse and water pressure loads and/or is not designed to break under these loads. The filter described can remain substantially intact when full of refuse and with water pressure bearing down on it. Substantially intact means that greater than 80% of the filter used does not break. In other embodiments, greater than about 90%, 95%, 99% or 99.5% of filter does not break.

Scaffolding 102 can be temporarily or permanently anchored to a location of interest. Again referring to FIG. 2, anchor 228 can be used for each front leg 210 and back leg 212 in order to hold a scaffolding in place. Generally, anchor 228 can be any anchor that can hold scaffolding 200 in place under the potential weight loads and water pressures encountered. For example, in addition to the weight loads required, anchor 228 needs to hold scaffolding 200 in place even during times when water pressures are at their greatest (e.g. during a storm). In other embodiments, scaffolding can merely be placed without an anchor for temporary use.

Refuse collection system 100 can further include an electronic monitoring system. In some embodiments an electronic monitoring system is part of the capture section 104. In aspect of this embodiment, a capture section 104 comprises filter, a frame, and an electronic monitoring system. In other embodiments an electronic monitoring system is part of the scaffold 102.

The electronic monitoring system may be realized in a filterwork communications system. A high level block diagram of an exemplary filterwork communications system 500 is illustrated in FIG. 5. The illustrated system 500 includes at least one refuse collection system 100 which includes an electronic monitoring system 510, at least one client terminal 502 and at least one application server 504. Each of these devices may communicate with each other via a connection to at least one filterwork 506 such as the Interfilter and/or some other data filterwork, including, but not limited to, any mobile communication filterwork (e.g., Global System for Mobile Communications and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), any suitable wide area filterwork or local area filterwork. It will be appreciated that any of the devices described herein may be directly connected to each other instead of over a filterwork.

One application server 504 may interact with a large number of other devices. Accordingly, each application server 504 is typically a high end computer with a large storage capacity, at least one fast microprocessor, and at least one high speed filterwork connection. Conversely, relative to a typical application server 504, each refuse collection system 100 and/or client terminal 502 typically includes less storage capacity, a single microprocessor, and a single filterwork connection.

A detailed block diagram of an example computing device 100, 502, 504 is illustrated in FIG. 6. Each computing device 100, 502, 504 may include a server, a personal computer (PC), a personal digital assistant (PDA), and/or any other suitable computing device. Each computing device 100, 502, 504 preferably includes a main unit 600 which preferably includes at least one processor 602 electrically coupled by an address/data bus 604 to at least one memory device 606, other computer circuitry 608, and at least one interface circuit 610. The processor 602 may be any suitable processor.

The memory 606 preferably includes volatile memory and non-volatile memory. Preferably, the memory 606 and/or another storage device 612 stores software instructions 614 that interact with the other devices in the system 500 as described herein. These software instructions 614 may be executed by the processor 602 in any suitable manner. The memory 606 and/or another storage device 612 may also store digital data indicative of documents, files, programs, web pages, etc. retrieved from another computing device 100, 502, 504 and/or loaded via an input device 620.

In one example, the memory device 606 stores software instructions 614. It should be appreciated that any type of suitable data structure (e.g., a flat file data structure, a relational database, a tree data structure, etc.) may be used to facilitate implementation of the methods and apparatus disclosed herein.

The interface circuit(s) 610 may be implemented using any suitable interface standard, such as an Etherfilter interface and/or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface. At least one input device 620 may be connected to the interface circuit(s) 610 for entering data and commands into the main unit 600. For example, the input device 620 may be a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, track pad, track ball, isopoint, and/or a voice recognition system.

At least one display, printer, speaker, and/or other output devices 616 may also be connected to the main unit 600 via the interface circuit(s) 610. The display 616 may be a cathode ray tube (CRTs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), or any other type of display. The display 616 generates visual displays of data generated during operation of the computing device 100, 502, 504. For example, the display 616 may be used to display web pages received from the application server 504. The visual displays may include prompts for human input, run time statistics, calculated values, data, etc.

At least one storage device 612 may also be connected to the main unit 600 via the interface circuit(s) 610. For example, a hard drive, CD drive, DVD drive, and/or other storage devices may be connected to the main unit 600. The storage devices 612 may store any type of data used by the computing device 100, 502, 504.

Each computing device 100, 502, 504 may also exchange data with other filterwork devices 618 via a connection to the filterwork 506. The filterwork connection may be any type of filterwork connection, such as an Etherfilter connection, digital subscriber line (DSL), telephone line, coaxial cable, etc. Users 508 of the system 500 may be required to register with the application server 504. In such an instance, each user 508 may choose a user identifier (e.g., e-mail address) and a password which may be required for the activation of services. The user identifier and password may be passed across the filterwork 506 using encryption built into the user's browser, or computing device 100, 502, 504. Alternatively, the user identifier and/or password may be assigned by the application server 504.

A flowchart of example processes 700 illustrating the flow of information in one example is presented in FIG. 7. Preferably, the example processes 700 are embodied in at least one software program which are stored in at least one memory device and executed by at least one processor. Although the processes 700 are described with reference to the flowchart illustrated in FIG. 7, it will be appreciated that many other methods of performing the acts associated with processes 700 may be used. For example, the order of many of the steps may be changed, some of the steps described may be optional, and additional steps may be included.

In general, the electronic monitoring system of the refuse collection system determines whether an alarm event occurs (e.g. a predetermined tension value is applied to a cable of the refuse collection system). In response to the occurrence of the alarm event, the electronic monitoring system transmits information which is indicative of the occurrence of the alarm event to at least one of the application server and the client terminal. In one example, the transferred information indicates which alarm event has occurred. The electronic monitoring system enables appropriate personnel to be notified of the alarm event and therefore an appropriate action can be taken based on the notification.

More specifically, in one example, the electronic monitoring system determines whether an alarm event occurs as shown by block 702. In one example, the electronic monitoring system includes at least one sensor, and operates in cooperation with the at least one sensor to determine whether an alarm event occurs.

In one example, where the electronic monitoring system includes a tension sensor, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a maximum safe limit tension being applied to the cable of the refuse collection system. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the electronic monitoring system 510 is positioned in series with a single cable 802 of the refuse collection system. The electronic monitoring system operates in cooperation with a tension sensor to measure the tension of the cable 802. In this example, the electronic monitoring system 610 determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a predetermined tension value being applied to the cable 802. In one example, a filter full of debris causes sufficient drag on the refuse collection system to raise the tension of the cable to the threshold level.

In one example, where the electronic monitoring system includes a tension sensor, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a maximum safe limit tension being applied to the cable of the refuse collection system. In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a predetermined minimum strain value being detected. For example, the electronic monitoring system may detect the predetermined minimum strain value in response to the cable being broken or in response to the tension sensor being defective.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system includes a laser sensor. In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a path of a light beam being blocked. In one example, the height of the debris caught in a filter may block the light beam and therefore cause an alarm event to occur.

In one example, where the electronic monitoring system includes a weight sensor, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to a predetermined amount of weight being detected. In one example, a filter full of debris causes the weight sensor to detect the predetermined weight and therefore causes an alarm event.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to the battery of the electronic monitory system having a predetermined minimum amount of power.

In one example, where the electronic monitoring system includes an ambient temperature sensor, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs in response to an occurrence of a predetermined minimum or maximum ambient temperature determination.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs based on a quality of water detection.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs based an amount of water. For example, the electronic monitoring system may determine an alarm event occurs based a water level upstream or downstream. In one example, the electronic monitoring system employs a water level sensor to detect an amount of water.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system determines that an alarm event occurs based on a camera. The camera can be mounted to a near by fixed location. The person monitoring the device can visually see when the device needs to be maintained and call for personnel to empty the device before it overflows into the environment. The camera can also work in conjunction with the weight sensor turning on when the predetermined limit or capacity has been reached.

In one example, in response to the occurrence of the alarm event, the electronic monitoring system 510 transmits information which is indicative of the occurrence of the alarm event (e.g., a notification) to at least one of the application server and the client terminal as shown by block 704 in FIG. 7. In one example, the notification is sent using the Interfilter. In one example, in response to the occurrence of the alarm event, the electronic monitoring system causes an embedded cellular modem of the electronic monitoring system to power up to transmit the information which is indicative of the occurrence of the alarm event.

In one example, the client terminal (e.g., a smartphone) may access at least one of the application server and the electronic monitoring system as shown in block 706. In one example, the client terminal accesses the application server and the electronic monitoring system using the Interfilter.

In one example, where the client terminal (e.g., a smartphone) accesses at least one of the electronic monitoring system and the application server, the client terminal may: (i) check and receive system status for each refuse collection system; (ii) download recorded log entries associated with the refuse collection systems; (iii) erase the log; (iv) upgrade system firmware (e.g., flash based); (v) change any alarm thresholds (e.g., strain, battery, temperature, etc.), notification telephone numbers, email addresses text message numbers, and packet IP addresses; (vi) set the day, date and time; (vii) change sampling interval; and/or (viii) change receive call window time/frequency or any other system parameter.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system is configured to open a user-set time window in which the client terminal may place a call to the embedded cellular modem of the electronic monitoring system. In this example, after the client terminal gains access to the electronic monitoring system, the client terminal may schedule more frequent access to the electronic monitoring system.

In one example, the application server may generate and transmit reports as shown in block 708. In one example, the application server generates and transmits a maintenance schedule to the client terminal. In one example, the maintenance schedule is generated at the start of a shift. In another example, the maintenance schedule is generated and transmitted once a week. In one example, the application server may generate and transmit an email to a user of the client terminal (e.g., a supervisor and/or a crew) which indicates a listing of all the sites which need servicing.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system periodically powers up the embedded cellular modem and sends a status/heartbeat message over the Interfilter as shown in block 710. Such a configuration enables a computing device (e.g., an application server) to identify a refuse collection system which requires service. In one example, where an electronic monitoring system does not transmit a scheduled heartbeat message, the computing device (e.g., an application server) identifies such electronic monitoring system as having not enough battery power, and therefore a user is notified of such an event.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system enables a user to, using an input device, configure the electronic monitoring system to transmit the information which is indicative of the occurrence of the alarm event as at least one of an email, a telephone call, a custom IP alarm packet, and a text message.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system is optimized for low power consumption. Preferably, the electronic monitoring system has a sleep mode in which minimal power is consumed. Such a configuration will, for example, cause an enclosed battery of the electronic monitoring system to last for months before the battery needs servicing. In one example, tension on the cable is sampled at infrequent time intervals, during which the embedded processor of the electronic monitoring system causes all components necessary to determine and record a tension measurement. In one example, to maximize battery life, the electronic monitoring system causes the cellular modem to turn on when needed. In one example, battery voltage and ambient temperature are also recorded and processed.

In one example, all measurements of the electronic monitoring system are stored into non-volatile memory. Such measurements may include time, date, strain, battery voltage, and ambient temperature. In one example, each alarm event is stored into non-volatile memory.

In one example, where the electronic monitoring system includes a tension sensor, the electronic monitoring system determines an average measurement of cable strain, and sets the alarm threshold based on a percentage of the determined average measurement. In one example, an electronic monitoring system is installed in a waterway. In this example, the electronic monitoring system operates with the catch filter empty. For this operating condition, the electronic monitoring system determines a strain alarm threshold based on how much the reading exceeds an empty filter average. For a cable tension which measures one hundred pounds when the filter is empty, the electronic monitoring system may be configured to transmit an alarm when the tension rises to two hundred pounds. Such a configuration would be helpful for an installer that doesn't know what the actual strain is on a given cable, but only knows that the strain will increase by some factor when debris is collected.

In one example, the tension sensor is calibrated after production. For example, a known strain may be applied to the electronic monitoring system and a calibration factor adjusted in flash memory such that the tension sensor remains accurate over time. In one example, electronic monitoring system is configured to cancel any errors in the tension sensor due to thermal effects using previously measured ambient temperature data.

In one example, where it is known that a storm event will occur and each electronic monitoring system is set to transmit an alarm in response to a tension threshold of one thousand pounds being reached, each electronic monitoring system may be changed to an alarm parameter of one thousand five hundred pounds, for example, to compensate for the velocity of the water adding weight to the refuse collection system.

In one example, where an electronic monitoring system receives a USB thumb drive (e.g., from a maintenance technician), the electronic monitoring system automatically uploads all log information to the USB thumb drive. In one example, the log information is identified with the electronic monitoring system unique serial number and date. In one example, if the electronic monitoring system determines that the inserted USB thumb drive includes updated firmware, the electronic monitoring system automatically loads this new firmware into the electronic monitoring system.

In one example, to update the electronic monitoring system's firmware or change any of the electronic monitoring system's settings, an email may be sent to a specific electronic monitoring system. In this example, the electronic monitoring system is configured to periodically check its email account and download any messages waiting for the electronic monitoring system. Such messages may update the firmware and/or change any of the electronic monitoring system's settings. Thereafter, the electronic monitoring system may reply with a confirmation email so that a user can verify that the data was received by the electronic monitoring system. Such a feature allows for a send and forget method of updating a device that is only on the air for a limited time to conserve battery power.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system is completely self-contained and water/weatherproof. In one example, the electronic monitoring system includes a small metal box that is completely sealed from the environment and is submersible in water without damage. In one example, the electronic monitoring system is designed for extreme low power consumption so that the internal battery last months without need for servicing. In one example, the electronic monitoring system employs a tough aluminum housing and all seams and openings are sealed with rubber grommets so that no moisture can enter the chassis.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system includes a webpage server for browser-based access to the refuse collection system such that no special client software is needed.

In one example, the electronic monitoring system is connected with the at least one cable using detachable cable connections. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the electronic monitoring system 510 is connected to a filter cable 802 of a refuse collection system using a first detachable cable connection 804 and a second detachable cable connection 806. In this example, the electronic monitoring system 510 includes: (a) a first eye-bolt 808 which connects with the first detachable cable connection 804; (b) a second eye-bolt 810 which connects with the first detachable cable connection 804; and (c) a rubber cellular whip antenna 812. In another example, the electronic monitoring system is positioned in series with more than one cable of the refuse collection system.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, in one example, the electronic monitoring system includes: (a) a strain or tension sensor 902; a motherboard 904 with a battery and cellular modem; (b) a rubber cellular antenna 906 which protrudes through rubber seals; and (c) eye-bolts 808 and 810 which protrude through rubber seals.

As illustrated in FIG. 10, in one example, the electronic monitory system includes: (a) an embedded microcontroller 1002; (b) a two-way cellular modem 1004 operatively coupled to the embedded microcontroller 1002; (c) a multi-channel ND converter 1006 operatively coupled to the embedded microcontroller 1002; and (d) a USB/RS232 Interface 1008 operatively coupled to the embedded microcontroller 1002; (e) a strain or tension sensor 902 operatively coupled to the multi-channel ND converter 1006; (f) an ambient temperature sensor 1108 operatively coupled to the multi-channel ND converter 1006; (g) a battery 1010; (h) a switch 1012; and (i) a regulator 1014.

The electronic monitor system can accommodate many catchment locations and consolidate them into a single web portal. This will allow cities, municipalities, and private companies to monitor one or more sites on a single platform to empty captured debris or change dissolved pollutant filter when maintenance is required instead of being just on a schedule.

Smart chips can be installed in the storm drain system. This will allow the city, municipality or private companies to monitor their storm drain system by allowing each smart chip technology to share information with each other to start creating a story about the elements being monitored in the storm drain system. Various packets of information can be collected to include pollutant levels and types, direction of pollutants, water levels, and other desirable information to be collected, sorted through and studied.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 11-12, refuse collection system 100 can further include a bridge 130 that can attach to edge 132 at the exit of waterway 114, 114′. Bridge 130 can provide a means to cantilever water from edge 132 to a position closer to an area over capture section 104. Bridge 130 can be of use when water current is low preventing water from projecting off edge 132 into capture section 104. In other embodiments, bridge 130 aids in directing and/or allowing water currents into and through capture section 104.

One embodiment of bridge 130 is illustrated in FIGS. 11-12. First, in FIG. 11, when debris is collecting in refuse collection system 100, water can flow 1102 over bridge 130 allowing water to fall 1104 more directly over capture section 104. Once capture section 104 is full, it can be removed from scaffold 102 as described herein. At this point, illustrated in FIG. 12, bridge 130 can be lifted at point 1106 after hinge 1108 by the use of line 1110. Line 1106 can be lifted a device such as a motor or even by human power. In some embodiments, line 1110 is connected at one point along bridge 130. In other embodiments, line 1106 can be connected to bridge 130 at two or more locations. Once capture section is replaced, bridge 130 can again be lowered and full water flow restored.

In one embodiment, once bridge 130 is fully elevated, water flow can be cut off while capture section 104 is hoisted off scaffolding 102, emptied and replaced. In some embodiments, small amounts of water can leak around the edges of bridge 130 while not allowing larger pieces of refuse to pass. In other embodiments, bridge 130 can have a grid or mesh pattern that allows for refuse to be caught when it is elevated during capture section removal.

Even further, as illustrated in FIG. 4, refuse collection system 100 can include a pollutant collection device 134 to remove potentially hazardous pollutants or contaminants from passing water. In FIG. 1, pollutant collection device 134 assumes the shape of a strip. However, in other embodiments, pollutant collection device 134 can assume any shape including being a coating on filter 106. For example, pollutant collection device 134 can assume a circular shape, rectangular shape, a custom shape to fit a particular area or the like.

Pollutant collection device 134 can absorb and/or filter items such as, but not limited to heavy metals, acids, bases, toxins, radioactive materials or other pollutants or contaminants. In other embodiments, the pollutant collection device includes REACTIVE FILTER MEDIA™ which targets dissolved pollutants and utilizes recycled organic and mineral materials. Such a pollutant removal device can remove dissolved pollutants including, hydrocarbons, metals (zinc, lead, and copper), ammonium, phosphorous, nitrates, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), bacteria, pathogens and suspended solids.

Any number of scaffolding can be used as needed for a particular application. For example, one, two, three, four, five, six, eight, ten twelve or more scaffolding can be used in a line. Further, multiple lines of scaffolding can be used as redundant lines wherein if one line fills with debris, one or more subsequent lines of scaffolding can be used to collect the debris.

The width of a single scaffold 102 can be of any length including the width of the entire culvert or end pipe where placement is a refuse collection system is sought. In aspects of this embodiment, the width of a single scaffold 102 can be about 1 ft, about 2 ft, about 3 ft, about 4 ft, about 5 ft, about 6 ft, about 7 ft, about 8 ft, about 9 ft, about 10 ft, about 15 ft, about 20 ft, about 25 ft, about 30 ft, about 35 ft, about 40 ft, about 45 ft, or about 50 ft. In other embodiments, the width can be between about 2 ft and about 6 ft or about 3 ft and about 5 ft. In one embodiment, the width of a single scaffold can be about 5.5 ft or span a width greater than about 5 ft. In other embodiments, the width can be between about 10 ft to about 40 ft, about 20 ft and about 60 ft, or about 30 ft and about 50 ft.

Similarly, a plurality of scaffolds 102 can be integrated into a refuse collection system 100 so that the width of the refuse collection system can be of any length including the entire width of a culvert or end pipe where placement is a refuse collection system is sought, or even the entire width of water channel were a plurality of culverts or end pipes are located. In aspects of this embodiment, the width of a refuse collection system 100 can be about 10 ft, about 20 ft, about 30 ft, about 40 ft, about 50 ft, about 60 ft, about 70 ft, about 80 ft, about 90 ft, about 100 ft, about 125 ft, about 150 ft, or about 200 ft. In other embodiments, the width of a refuse collection system can be between about 10 ft to about 100 ft, about 10 ft to about 50 ft, about 50 ft and about 100 ft, about 50 ft and about 250 ft, about 100 ft and about 250 ft, or about 100 ft and about 500 ft.

Also described herein are methods of separating refuse from a water flow, the method comprising associating a refuse collection system as described herein; directing water to a location that coincides with the at least one filter thereby collecting refuse and allowing water to pass through the at least one filter; and separating the refuse from the water flow.

In addition to simply separating refuse from water run-off, the refuse collection systems described herein can further be used to remove the refuse as well. Again referring to FIG. 4, lifting bar 122 can be used to hoist a capture section 104 out of scaffold 102. As capture sections fill with refuse, they may be in need of emptying. In one embodiment, the systems herein described provide for a convenient, economic method of accomplishing this.

Lifting bar 122 can be attached to extraction line 136 and hoisted up and out of scaffold 102. Upon removal, the contents of capture section 104 can be dumped into an appropriate receptacle and processed accordingly. Dumping can be accomplished by inverting capture section 104 to allow contents to fall out or purse string 138 or an equivalent device can be removed allowing the contents to fall out the bottom of the filter without requiring inverting of capture section 104. Once contents have been dumped, capture section 104 can be re-inverted or purse string 138 is re-engaged and replaced in scaffold 102 for further use.

In other embodiments, capture section 104 can be made to be disposable or recyclable, for example, made of plastic. Here, capture section 104 merely needs to be removed and dumped for later processing. Thereafter, a new or recycled capture section 104 can be placed within scaffold 102.

In some embodiments, a trash truck can include a crane or a trailer with a crane used to extract capture section 104 from scaffolding 102. The crane can be used to extract capture section 104, position it over the trash truck refuse opening and dump the contents into the trash truck. In a simple embodiment, if refuse collection system 100 is located at the end of a waterway under a bridge, such a crane can be parked at the edge of the bridge and extraction line 136 dropped from the bridge down to capture section 104.

With smaller systems, capture section 104 can simply be grasped by hand and lifted out of scaffold 102. Manual refuse dumping can be accomplished and capture section 104 replaced in scaffold 102 after dumping.

In a further embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 13-16, capture section 104 can include multiple apparatus. Largest frame 1302 can fit within scaffold 102. Second frame 1304 rests atop largest frame 1302. Then smallest frame 1306 rests atop second frame 1304. This can be repeated as many times as needed. Further, largest frame 1302 includes lifting holes 1308 and large filter 1310, second frame 1304 includes second lifting holes 1312 and second filter 1314 and smallest frame 1306 includes third lifting holes 1316 and third filter 1318.

In remote areas or third world countries where heavy equipment is not available, the filter can be smaller filters held together with clamps. When the filters are full and need maintenance, then the individually filled filters can be unclamped and removed from the device to be emptied properly. This community style device can be emptied by a group of people when capacity has been reached.

Extraction line 136 can be dropped down from a crane and attached to removable lifting rod 1320. Here, removable lifting rod 1320 can be resized to fit the gap between the lifting holes of different sized frames. In other embodiments, removable lifting rod 1320 can be individually sized for a particular frame and changed between lifts. Further, removable lifting rod 1320 can include a mounting ring which extraction line 136 can attach. However, as before, any mounting means can be used.

Such an embodiment with multiple sized frames allows for the emptying of debris without allowing for refuse to pass when a given filter is removed. However, in some instances, refuse may have to be removed from the largest filter as removing it would allow for refuse to pass.

Further described herein are dynamic refuse collection and removal systems. One such system is illustrated in FIG. 17. Dynamic system 1700 includes belt 1702, first roller 1704, second roller 1706 and receptacle 1708.

Belt 1702 can be entirely formed of mesh or filter, or can have tracks lining both ends with mesh in the middle. Further, belt 1702 can take a concave shape allowing for refuse to collect in the middle portion of belt 1702 or can remain flat.

As water flows out of opening 1710, it hits belt 1702. The force 1712 of water can push against protrusions 1714 on belt 1702. This force can push belt 1702 in direction 1716. When refuse 1718 reaches the end of belt 1702, it falls 1720 into receptacle 1708. Because belt 1702 can be a mesh or filter material, water can freely fall through it. As such, water can fall 1722 directly into water body 1724.

Receptacle 1708 can include one ore more sensors or associated protocols as described herein to indicate when it is full and needs emptying. Receptacle 1708 can be emptied by any known means.

The dynamic systems described herein can be fully self-powered. In other embodiments, the dynamic systems can require an outside power source such as but not limited to solar power, hydroelectric power, wind power or simply feeding off the local power grid or any combination of stated power. In one embodiment, the dynamic systems are powered by an internal battery that is charged by a solar panel(s). In some instances, the dynamic systems can be so efficient that using a solar panel(s) can provide surplus power that can be fed back into the local grid.

In another embodiment, second dynamic system 1800 is illustrated in FIG. 18-20 and can be useful in moving water such as a river. Second dynamic system 1800 includes vertical belt 1802, collector 1804, conveyor 1806, and receptacle 1708. In some embodiments, vertical belt 1802 can be the same belts used in dynamic system 1700. Vertical belt 1802 can have a larger mesh than belt 1702 because it can be important not to bring about a dam in a moving waterway.

In one embodiment, as water moves down stream 1808 and interfaces with vertical belt 1802, refuse 1810 is caught in mesh 1812. Again, as in dynamic system 1700, water can push against protrusions 1714 and drive 1814 vertical belt 1802. Vertical belt 1802 then drives refuse 1810 into contained area 1816 provided by perpendicular wall 1818.

Once refuse 1810 is driven into contained area 1816, collector 1804 can scoop up refuse 1810 and transfer it to conveyor 1806. Collector 1804 can have at least one scoop 1820, but in some embodiments, collector 1804 has two scoops, three scoops, four scoops, five scoops, six scoops, seven scoops, eight scoops, nine scoops, ten scoops, eleven scoops, or twelve or more scoops. Scoop 1820 can directly drop refuse 1810 onto conveyor 1806 (as illustrated) or can twist to dump refuse 1810 onto conveyor 1806.

On other embodiments, conveyor 1806 is not needed. Scoop 1820 can twist and drop refuse directly in receptacle 1708 by the use of a releasable scoop mechanism.

When refuse 1810 reaches the end of conveyor 1806, it falls into receptacle 1708. As above, receptacle 1708 can include one ore more sensors or associated protocols as described herein to indicate when it is full and needs emptying. Receptacle 1708 can be emptied by any known means.

As illustrated in FIG. 19, vertical belt 1802 can be mounted on a first support 1822 and second support 1824 and elevated by height 1826 above waterway floor 1828. Height 1806 can allow fresh and salt water wildlife to freely travel under vertical belt 1802 undisturbed. Height 1806 can be varied in some embodiments to accommodate raising and falling of water levels, for example, between seasons or tides with floats or that of a fluctuating dock for boats going up and down with the tides.

In some embodiments described herein some or all of the components of a system can be made from recycled materials that can reduce cost and contribute to a better environment. Further, the systems can contribute to LEED certification and L.I.D. (low impact design).

Further, the systems can be designed specifically to capture and remove trash and dissolved pollutants at downstream ends of large watersheds. Instead of installing hundreds of catch basin inserts at the street level that requiring substantial maintenance, the systems herein can be a larger scale device further downstream to help with maintenance and prevent clogging of catch basins and flooding streets.

As the systems herein can be modular, the installation can take into account actual field conditions and a customized design for the scaffold and/or capture section.

EXAMPLES Example 1 Scaffold

In one embodiment, a scaffold can be formed with the following dimensions. Rear legs can stand about 9 ft tall with about 3 ft sunken into a footing for a total length of about 12 ft. Front legs are about 2 ft tall. The distance between the front legs and the rear legs are about 6 ft. A total of four capture sections can be mounted within the scaffold in two banks. Each bank is about 11 feet wide making each capture section opening about 5.5 ft wide. The length of the incline of the top is about 8.5 ft. There is about a 1 ft top section on the rear legs above where the top meats the rear legs. The angle between the front and rear is about 45 degrees.

Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

The terms “a,” “an,” “the” and similar referents used in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.

Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member may be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. It is anticipated that one or more members of a group may be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all Markush groups used in the appended claims.

Certain embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Of course, variations on these described embodiments will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventor expects skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.

In closing, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Other modifications that may be employed are within the scope of the invention. Thus, by way of example, but not of limitation, alternative configurations of the present invention may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to that precisely as shown and described. 

1. A refuse collection system comprising: at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold.
 2. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, further comprising a lifting bar attached to the at least one capture section.
 3. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, wherein the front end is elevated less than 90 degrees relative to the second end.
 4. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, wherein the top and the capturing section are triangular.
 5. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, including a first filter having a load capacity and a second filter having a second load capacity.
 6. The refuse collection system according to claim 5, wherein the first filter has a mesh size of at least 10 mm and the second filter has a mesh size of less than about 5 mm.
 7. The refuse collection system according to claim 6, wherein the second filter is inside the first filter.
 8. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, further comprising a pollutant collection strip.
 9. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one sensor.
 10. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, wherein the first scaffold and the capture section are each independently formed of a material selected from a metal, a metal alloy, a plastic, carbon fiber, concrete, wood, or a combination thereof.
 11. The refuse collection system according to claim 1, wherein two first scaffolds are used adjacent to one another and span a total width greater than about 5 feet.
 12. A method of separating refuse from a water flow, the method comprising: associating a refuse collection system including at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold with the water flow; allowing water through the at least one filter thereby collecting refuse and allowing water to pass through the at least one filter; and separating the refuse from the water flow.
 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the capture section further comprises a lifting bar.
 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the front end is elevated less than 90 degrees relative to the second end
 15. The method according to claim 13, further comprising the step of connecting an extraction line to the lifting bar.
 16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of extracting the at least one capture section to remove the refuse from the filter.
 17. The method according to claim 13, further including a first filter having a mesh size of at least 10 mm and a second filter having a mesh size of less than about 5 mm.
 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the second filter is inside the first filter.
 19. The method according to claim 13, wherein the refuse collection system further comprises at least one sensor.
 20. The method according to claim 13, wherein the first scaffold and the capture section are each independently formed of a material selected from a metal, a metal alloy, a plastic, carbon fiber, concrete, wood, or a combination thereof.
 21. The method according to claim 13, wherein the water flow is in a waterway.
 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the waterway is selected from a viaduct, a culvert, an end of a pipe, a storm drain, or a flood control channel. 23-26. (canceled)
 27. A refuse collection system comprising: at least one first scaffold having a top comprising front end and a back end; and at least one capture section having a frame with a shape complimenting the top and including at least one filter attached to the frame, wherein the at least one capture section is removable from the at least one first scaffold and wherein the refuse collection system must be in a position at the exit of a waterway.
 28. The refuse collection system according to claim 27, wherein the waterway is selected from a viaduct, a culvert, an end of a pipe, a storm drain, or a flood control channel.
 29. The refuse collection system according to claim 28, wherein the waterway is a culvert or an end of pipe.
 30. (canceled) 